Cryptsetup

1. Create LUKS partition

$ cryptsetup --verbose luksFormat --verify-passphrase /dev/sdX1

2. Initialize and unlock LUKS partition

$ cryptsetup -v luksOpen /dev/sdX1 volumeEncrypted 

3. Create a filesystem on device mapper

1	`$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/volumeEncrypted`

4. Mount the device mapper on the directory

$ mkdir /mnt/volumeEncrypted && mount /dev/mapper/volumeEncrypted /mnt/volumeEncrypted

5. Umount the device mapper

1	`$ umount /mnt/volumeEncrypted`

6. Lock LUKS partition

$ cryptsetup -v luksClose volumeEncrypted 

Bonus :

Retrieve UUID of partitions

1	`$ lsblk -f`

Create a alias for unlock/mount and unmount/lock for LUKS partition

# Unlock and mount
alias dopen='sudo cryptsetup -v luksOpen /dev/disk/by-uuid/00000000-1111-2222-3333-444444444444 volumeEncrypted && sudo mount --uuid aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee /mnt/private'

# Umount and lock
alias dclose='sudo umount /mnt/private ; sudo cryptsetup -v luksClose volumeEncrypted'

Representation of the example above :

NAME                    FSTYPE          UUID
sdb
│
├─[...]
│
└─sdb3                  crypto_LUKS     00000000-1111-2222-3333-444444444444              
  └─volumeEncrypted     ext4            aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee